Escape from immunotherapy: possible mechanisms that influence tumor regression/progression

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Ahmad, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-6074-2001, Rees, R.C. ORCID: 0000-0002-4574-4746 and Ali, S.A., 2004. Escape from immunotherapy: possible mechanisms that influence tumor regression/progression. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, 53 (10), pp. 844-854. ISSN 0340-7004

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00262-004-0540-x

Abstract

Tumor escape is one major obstacle that has to be addressed prior to designing and delivering successful immunotherapy. There is compelling evidence to support the notion that immunogenic tumors, in murine models and cancer patients, can be rejected by the immune system under optimum conditions for activating adaptive and nonadaptive antitumor immune responses. Despite this capability, a large number of tumors continue to grow and evade recognition and/or destruction by the immune system. The limited success in current immunotherapeutic strategies may be due to a variety of reasons: failure of effector cells to compete with the growing tumor burden, production of humoral factors by tumors that locally block cytotoxicity, antigen/MHC loss, T-cell dysfunction, production of suppressor T cells—to name but a few causes for therapeutic ineffectiveness for the particular malignancy being treated. To optimize immunotherapy strategies, correction of immune-activating signals, eradication of inhibitory factors, and the evasion from newly developed immunoresistant tumor phenotypes need to be simultaneously considered.

Item Type:

Journal article

Description:

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.

Publication Title:

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy

Creators:

Ahmad, M., Rees, R.C. and Ali, S.A.

Publisher:

Springer-Verlag

Place of Publication:

New York