‘I will Blow your face off’—Virtual and Physical World Anti-Muslim Hate Crime

Awan, I and Zempi, I ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-8573, 2015. ‘I will Blow your face off’—Virtual and Physical World Anti-Muslim Hate Crime. British Journal of Criminology. ISSN 0007-0955

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Abstract

Anti-Muslim hate crime is usually viewed in the prism of physical attacks; however, it also occurs in a cyber context, and this reality has considerable consequences for victims. In seeking to help improve our understanding of anti-Muslim hate crime, this article draws on the findings from a project that involved qualitative interviews with Muslim men and women who experienced both virtual and physical world anti-Muslim hate, and reported their experiences to the British government-funded service Tell MAMA (Measuring Anti-Muslim Attacks). In doing so, this article sets out the first ever study to examine the nature, determinants and impacts of both virtual and physical world anti-Muslim hate crime upon Muslim men and Muslim women in the United Kingdom (UK). Correspondingly, we found that victims of both virtual and physical world anti-Muslim hate crime are likely to suffer from emotional stress, anxiety and fear of cyber threats materialising in the ‘real world’.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	British Journal of Criminology
Creators:	Awan, I. and Zempi, I.
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Date:	18 December 2015
ISSN:	0007-0955
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1093/bjc/azv122 DOI
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Jonathan Gallacher
Date Added:	05 May 2016 15:07
Last Modified:	18 Dec 2017 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/27739

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