Twenty-four weeks of β-alanine supplementation on carnosine content, related genes, and exercise

Saunders, B., de Salles Painelli, V., de Oliveira, L.F., da Eira Silva, V., da Silva, R.P., Riani, L., Franchi, M., de Souza Gonçalves, L., Harris, R.C., Roschel, H., Artioli, G.G. ORCID: 0000-0001-8463-2213, Sale, C. ORCID: 0000-0002-5816-4169 and Gualano, B., 2017. Twenty-four weeks of β-alanine supplementation on carnosine content, related genes, and exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 49 (5), pp. 896-906. ISSN 0195-9131

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Abstract

Introduction: Skeletal muscle carnosine content can be increased through [beta]-alanine supplementation, but the maximum increase achievable with supplementation is unknown. No study has investigated the effects of prolonged supplementation on carnosine-related genes or exercise capacity.
Purpose: To investigate the effects of 24-weeks of [beta]-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine content, gene expression and high-intensity cycling capacity (CCT110%).
Methods: Twenty-five active males were supplemented with 6.4 g[middle dot]day-1 of sustained release [beta]-alanine (BA) or placebo (PL) over a 24-week period. Every 4 weeks participants provided a muscle biopsy and performed the CCT110%. Biopsies were analysed for muscle carnosine content and gene expression (CARNS, TauT, ABAT, CNDP2, PHT1, PEPT2 and PAT1).
Results: Carnosine content was increased from baseline at every time point in BA (all P<0.0001; Week 4: +11.37+/-7.03 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm, Week 8: +13.88+/-7.84 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm, Week 12: +16.95+/-8.54 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm, Week 16: +17.63+/-8.42 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm, Week 20: +21.20+/-7.86 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm, Week 24: +20.15+/-7.63 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm), but not PL (all P=1.00). Maximal changes were +25.66+/-7.63 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm (range: +17.13 to +41.32 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm), and absolute maximal content was 48.03+/-8.97 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm (range: 31.79 to 63.92 mmol[middle dot]kg-1dm). There was an effect of supplement (P=0.002) on TauT; no further differences in gene expression were shown. Exercise capacity was improved in BA (P=0.05) with possible to almost certain improvements across all weeks.
Conclusions: Twenty-four weeks of [beta]-alanine supplementation increased muscle carnosine content and improved high-intensity cycling capacity. Downregulation of TauT suggests it plays an important role in muscle carnosine accumulation with [beta]-alanine supplementation, while the variability in changes in muscle carnosine content between individuals suggests that other determinants other than the availability of [beta]-alanine may also bear a major influence on muscle carnosine content.

Item Type:	Journal article
Alternative Title:	24 weeks β-alanine supplementation [running title] 24 weeks β-alanine supplementation on carnosine content, related genes and exercise [working title]
Publication Title:	Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Creators:	Saunders, B., de Salles Painelli, V., de Oliveira, L.F., da Eira Silva, V., da Silva, R.P., Riani, L., Franchi, M., de Souza Gonçalves, L., Harris, R.C., Roschel, H., Artioli, G.G., Sale, C. and Gualano, B.
Publisher:	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins for the American College of Sports Medicine
Date:	1 May 2017
Volume:	49
Number:	5
ISSN:	0195-9131
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001173 DOI
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	12 Dec 2016 15:02
Last Modified:	06 Dec 2017 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/29335

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