Investigation into the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic feed supplements on gut microbiota, immune function and performance of broiler chickens

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Alsudani, A.A.K., 2018. Investigation into the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic feed supplements on gut microbiota, immune function and performance of broiler chickens. PhD, Nottingham Trent University.

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Abstract

The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on the gut ecosystem, immune function and growth parameters of broiler. The first study screened naturally occurring Campylobacter levels in four local sites and revealed the NTU broiler research unit and the NTU animal unit laying hens were Campylobacter free, but a small holding with laying hens was positive and the commercial broiler farm was negative until thinning, after which it was positive. The second study investigated possible delivery routes of a novel strain of Lactobacillus johnsonii (FI9785) into broiler chicken gut and concluded feed was the optimum method for delivery. A third study compared the effect L. Johnsonii FI9785 supplied via feed to control and showed no significant difference in the CFU of caecal Campylobacter, no significant (p≤0.05) effects on growth performance and serum uric acid concentration over 4 weeks. However, mucin layer thickness in the jejunum was significantly (P≤0.05) increased. Concentration of IgA in the serum blood of probiotic treated birds was also increased but IgM and IgG were not significantly altered.

Study 4 involved isolation and in vitro screening of candidate probiotic isolates of lactic acid bacteria and a prebiotic from Jerusalem artichoke plant (JA). All tests confirmed the isolates had the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria and have an inhibition activity toward Campylobacter. All isolates belonged to the genus of Lactobacillus and all retained viability during freezing and drying and the poultry gastrointestinal environment, indicating all were potential probiotic agents. Assessment of JA inulin levels indicated the plant to be a potentially good prebiotic source with these isolates.

Study 5 investigated in vivo effects of the Lactobacillus isolates (probiotic), JA powder (prebiotic), synbiotic (mix of pre and probiotic). Caecal content were negative for Campylobacter throughout but at day 7, abundance of Firmicutes phyla were higher (p≤0.05) than control for all of supplements treatments and abundance of Faecalibacterium genus numerically increased in all treatments but significantly (p≤0.05) only in 5% prebiotic and probiotic supplemented diets. At day 42, abundance of genus of Erysipelotrichaceae decreased in all treatments. Assessment of growth performance showed JA had no effects but probiotic and synbiotic supplementation caused a degradation in the body weight and increased feed intake. Supplements downregulated the cytokine expression IFNγ,IL-10 and IL-6 in the ileum tissue but showed no effect in the bursa tissue.

Item Type:	Thesis
Creators:	Alsudani, A.A.K.
Date:	April 2018
Rights:	This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed to the owner(s) of the Intellectual Property Rights.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	15 Nov 2018 14:43
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2018 14:43
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35002