Cdkn1c boosts the development of brown adipose tissue in a murine model of Silver Russell Syndrome

Van De Pette, M., Tunster, S.J., McNamara, G.I., Shelkovnikova, T., Millership, S., Benson, L., Peirson, S., Christian, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-1616-4179, Vidal-Puig, A. and John, R.M., 2016. Cdkn1c boosts the development of brown adipose tissue in a murine model of Silver Russell Syndrome. PLoS Genetics, 12 (3): e1005916. ISSN 1553-7404

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Abstract

The accurate diagnosis and clinical management of the growth restriction disorder Silver Russell Syndrome (SRS) has confounded researchers and clinicians for many years due to the myriad of genetic and epigenetic alterations reported in these patients and the lack of suitable animal models to test the contribution of specific gene alterations. Some genetic alterations suggest a role for increased dosage of the imprinted CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 1C (CDKN1C) gene, often mutated in IMAGe Syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS). Cdkn1c encodes a potent negative regulator of fetal growth that also regulates placental development, consistent with a proposed role for CDKN1C in these complex childhood growth disorders. Here, we report that a mouse modelling the rare microduplications present in some SRS patients exhibited phenotypes including low birth weight with relative head sparing, neonatal hypoglycemia, absence of catch-up growth and significantly reduced adiposity as adults, all defining features of SRS. Further investigation revealed the presence of substantially more brown adipose tissue in very young mice, of both the classical or canonical type exemplified by interscapular-type brown fat depot in mice (iBAT) and a second type of non-classic BAT that develops postnatally within white adipose tissue (WAT), genetically attributable to a double dose of Cdkn1c in vivo and ex-vivo. Conversely, loss-of-function of Cdkn1c resulted in the complete developmental failure of the brown adipocyte lineage with a loss of markers of both brown adipose fate and function. We further show that Cdkn1c is required for post-transcriptional accumulation of the brown fat determinant PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) and that CDKN1C and PRDM16 co-localise to the nucleus of rare label-retaining cell within iBAT. This study reveals a key requirement for Cdkn1c in the early development of the brown adipose lineages. Importantly, active BAT consumes high amounts of energy to generate body heat, providing a valid explanation for the persistence of thinness in our model and supporting a major role for elevated CDKN1C in SRS.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	PLoS Genetics
Creators:	Van De Pette, M., Tunster, S.J., McNamara, G.I., Shelkovnikova, T., Millership, S., Benson, L., Peirson, S., Christian, M., Vidal-Puig, A. and John, R.M.
Publisher:	Public Library of Science
Date:	2016
Volume:	12
Number:	3
ISSN:	1553-7404
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005916 DOI
Rights:	Copyright: © 2016 Van De Pette et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	09 Aug 2019 09:09
Last Modified:	09 Aug 2019 15:27
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/37203

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