Nematocidal effects of a coriander essential oil and five pure principles on the infective larvae of major ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in vitro

Helal, M.A., Abdel-Gawad, A.M., Kandil, O.M., Khalifa, M.M.E., Cave, G.W.V. ORCID: 0000-0002-4167-1332, Morrison, A.A., Bartley, D.J. and Elsheikha, H.M., 2020. Nematocidal effects of a coriander essential oil and five pure principles on the infective larvae of major ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in vitro. Pathogens, 9 (9): 740. ISSN 2076-0817

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Abstract

The anthelmintic effects of extracted coriander oil and five pure essential oil constituents (geraniol, geranyl acetate, eugenol, methyl iso-eugenol, and linalool) were tested, using larval motility assay, on the third-stage larvae (L3s) of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus vitrinus and Cooperia oncophora. Coriander oil and linalool, a major component of tested coriander oil, showed a strong inhibitory efficacy against all species, except C. oncophora with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) that ranged from 0.56 to 1.41% for the coriander oil and 0.51 to 1.76% for linalool. The coriander oil and linalool combinations conferred a synergistic anthelmintic effect (combination index [CI] <1) on larval motility comparable to positive control (20 mg/mL levamisole) within 24 h (p < 0.05), reduced IC50 values to 0.11–0.49% and induced a considerable structural damage to L3s. Results of the combined treatment were validated by quantitative fluorometric microplate-based assays using Sytox green, propidium iodide and C12-resazurin, which successfully discriminated live/dead larvae. Only Sytox green staining achieved IC50 values comparable to that of the larval motility assay. The cytotoxicity of the combined coriander oil and linalool on Madin–Darby Canine Kidney cells was evaluated using sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay and showed no significant cytotoxic effect at concentrations < 1%. These results indicate that testing essential oils and their main components may help to find new potential anthelmintic compounds, while at the same time reducing the reliance on synthetic anthelmintics.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Pathogens
Creators:	Helal, M.A., Abdel-Gawad, A.M., Kandil, O.M., Khalifa, M.M.E., Cave, G.W.V., Morrison, A.A., Bartley, D.J. and Elsheikha, H.M.
Contributors:	Name Role NTU ID ORCID Mekapothula, S. Collector UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Publisher:	MDPI
Date:	9 September 2020
Volume:	9
Number:	9
ISSN:	2076-0817
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.3390/pathogens9090740 DOI 1365050 Other
Rights:	This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Jonathan Gallacher
Date Added:	10 Sep 2020 15:46
Last Modified:	31 May 2021 15:17
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/40677

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