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Tyler, C.J., Sunderland, C. 
ORCID: 0000-0001-7484-1345 and Cheung, S.S.,
2014.
The effect of cooling prior to and during exercise on exercise performance and capacity in the heat: a meta-analysis.
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49 (1), pp. 7-13.
ISSN 1473-0480
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Abstract
Exercise is impaired in hot, compared to moderate, conditions. The development of hyperthermia is strongly linked to the impairment and as a result, many different strategies have been investigated to combat this. This meta-analysis focused on one of the most popular strategies: cooling. Pre-cooling has received the most attention but more recently cooling applied during the bout of exercise has also been investigated and both were reviewed. We conducted a literature search and retrieved twenty-eight articles which investigated the effect of cooling administered either prior to (n=23) or during (n=5) an exercise test in hot (WBGT >26°C) conditions. Mean and weighted effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were calculated. Overall, pre-cooling has a moderate (d=0.73) effect on subsequent performance but the magnitude of the effect is dependent upon the nature of the test. Sprint performance is impaired (d=-0.26) but intermittent performance and prolonged exercise are both improved following cooling (d=0.47 and d=1.91 respectively). Cooling during exercise also has a positive effect on performance and capacity (d=0.76). Improvements were observed in studies with and without cooling-induced physiological alterations and the literature supports the suggestion of a dose-response relationship between cooling, thermal strain and improvements in performance and capacity. In summary, pre-cooling can improve subsequent intermittent and prolonged exercise performance and capacity in a hot environment but sprint performance is impaired. Cooling during exercise also has a positive effect on exercise performance and capacity in a hot environment.
| Item Type: | Journal article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publication Title: | British Journal of Sports Medicine | ||||
| Creators: | Tyler, C.J., Sunderland, C. and Cheung, S.S. | ||||
| Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group | ||||
| Date: | 2014 | ||||
| Volume: | 49 | ||||
| Number: | 1 | ||||
| ISSN: | 1473-0480 | ||||
| Identifiers: |
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| Divisions: | Schools > School of Science and Technology | ||||
| Record created by: | EPrints Services | ||||
| Date Added: | 09 Oct 2015 10:15 | ||||
| Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2017 13:23 | ||||
| URI: | https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/10045 |
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