Rapid filtration by a multi-compartment upflow and downflow process

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Fernández, T., 2000. Rapid filtration by a multi-compartment upflow and downflow process. MPhil, Nottingham Trent University.

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Abstract

The object of this research project was to investigate the validity and practical applicability of rapid filtration by a multi-compartment up-flow and down-flow process in removing the suspended particles under various initial conditions.

This investigation concentrated on the behaviour of each material used and the characteristics of removal, and efficiency, when various uniform sizes of granular material (548 - 1086μm) are used and various degrees of concentration of synthetic turbidities are involved.

The net velocity acting upon a suspended particle is a product of hydrodynamic and settling velocities, depending on the direction of flow. These observations were used to monitor the separation of suspended matter in depth in downward and upward flow.

Various types of impurities (kaolin, PVC and Lycopodium powder), inlet concentration (100--400 mg/l) and rates of flow (0.2-1.0 l/min) were investigated to determine their impact on the removal efficiency. At nearly all filtration rates an effluent quality of less than 1 mg/l was obtained, thus effectively achieving a removal efficiency of over 99 percent in most of the experiments, which it could probably include the elimination of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts.

The observed results are expected to be a contribution towards a thorough understanding and further analysis of the up-flow and down-flow rapid filtration in the field of water treatment.

Item Type:

Thesis

Creators:

Fernández, T.

Date:

2000

ISBN:

9781369317015

Identifiers: