Superior removal of humic acid from aqueous stream using novel calf bones charcoal nanoadsorbent in a reversible process

Moussavi, S.P., Kadier, A., Singh, R., Ashoori, R., Shirinkar, M., Lu, J., Zaidi, N.S. and Sher, F. ORCID: 0000-0003-2890-5912, 2022. Superior removal of humic acid from aqueous stream using novel calf bones charcoal nanoadsorbent in a reversible process. Chemosphere, 301: 134673. ISSN 0045-6535

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Abstract

While the potable water disinfection regimen has significantly reduced waterborne diseases, development of disinfection byproducts (DBP) during this process has brought a global threat to the environment and human health. The most notorious water pollutant, humic acid (HA), transforms into carcinogenic byproducts during the disinfection process (chlorination) of water treatment. HA removal methods are neither economic nor widely available. This study addresses the most urgent global issue of HA removal by developing an innovative and self-regenerative process based on a low-cost and self-regenerative calf bone char (CBC) that removed 92.1–100% of HA. CBC-based HA removal has not been described yet. The developed CBC, as a super adsorbent of HA, was initially characterized by a scanning electron microscope. Various parameters of adsorption/desorption and self-regeneration of CBC adsorbent were experimentally determined. Results show that prepared CBC with a 112 m2/g surface area exhibited adsorption of 38.08 mg/g (HA = 20 mg/L, pH = 4.0) which is several folds higher than the typical amount of HA present in water. The 30 m reaction time was enough to remove HA which is the shorter HA time in comparison to other similar studies. The increase of HA from 0.5 to 5 g/L, raises % HA removal (36.7–99.8%) while a pH decrease (10–4) increases adsorption (12.3–98.3%). The adsorption data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm which demonstrate that adsorption takes place by a monolayer formation. Thermodynamic constants supported the endothermic, spontaneous and reversible nature of adsorption which can attain 100% HA removal. 100% regeneration of exhausted CBC by NaOH further supports the sustainability of the process. CBC as a new adsorbent material thus provides an economical and sustainable water pre-treatment procedure. The present study provides technical guidance for building a cost-effective and scalable process capable of providing clean water.

Item Type: Journal article
Publication Title: Chemosphere
Creators: Moussavi, S.P., Kadier, A., Singh, R., Ashoori, R., Shirinkar, M., Lu, J., Zaidi, N.S. and Sher, F.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: August 2022
Volume: 301
ISSN: 0045-6535
Identifiers:
NumberType
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134673DOI
1553978Other
Rights: © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Divisions: Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by: Jonathan Gallacher
Date Added: 20 Jun 2022 14:49
Last Modified: 20 Jun 2022 14:49
URI: https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/46469

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