Exercise addiction: a review and evaluation of current research and theory

Chhabra, B, Demetrovics, Z, Griffiths, MD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524 and Szabo, A, 2026. Exercise addiction: a review and evaluation of current research and theory. Journal of Behavioral Addictions. ISSN 2062-5871

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Abstract

Background and Aims: While regular physical activity provides many health benefits, exercise can cause more harm than good when done excessively to the point where a person loses control. This condition has been called various names, but the most accurate term is ‘exercise addiction’ (EA) because it reflects both compulsive behavior and dependence. EA is classified as a non-substance-related addictive disorder, or behavioral addiction, and has been the subject of research for over fifty years. However, it is not officially recognized in major diagnostic systems, mainly due to significant conceptual and measurement challenges. This paper provides an overview of current knowledge on EA, including its causes, assessment issues, epidemiology, associated conditions, negative effects, and options for treatment and prevention.

Methods: An evaluation-driven narrative review was conducted which synthesized findings from empirical research and theoretical models adopted across EA research. It critically examined prevailing conceptualizations, methodological challenges, and potential treatment approaches.

Results: Epidemiological findings are inconsistent and report inflated prevalence rates, partly due to reliance on self-report instruments that often fail to distinguish pathological exercise from passion. Etiological models emphasize the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and behavioral factors. Negative consequences include physical injury, emotional distress, and social strain. Evidence for effective interventions remains sparse.

Discussion and Conclusions: Despite growing interest, progress remains slow. There is a need for larger, longitudinal, and experimental studies to advance understanding. Though not included in the DSM-5, greater clinical awareness is vital for early detection and prevention. EA is clinically relevant but still poorly defined, requiring robust empirical and theoretical work.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Behavioral Addictions
Creators:	Chhabra, B., Demetrovics, Z., Griffiths, M.D. and Szabo, A.
Publisher:	Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
Date:	22 April 2026
ISSN:	2062-5871
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1556/2006.2025.00336 DOI 2620357 Other
Rights:	© 2026 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes– if any– are indicated.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Laura Borcherds
Date Added:	23 Apr 2026 08:38
Last Modified:	23 Apr 2026 08:38
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/55595

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