24-h severe energy restriction impairs postprandial glycaemic control in young, lean males

Clayton, DJ ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-0891, Biddle, J, Maher, T, Funnell, MP, Sargeant, JA, King, JA, Hulston, CJ, Stensel, DJ and James, LJ, 2018. 24-h severe energy restriction impairs postprandial glycaemic control in young, lean males. British Journal of Nutrition, 120 (10), pp. 1107-1116. ISSN 0007-1145

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Abstract

Intermittent energy restriction (IER) involves short periods of severe energy restriction interspersed with periods of adequate energy intake, and can induce weight loss. Insulin sensitivity is impaired by short-term, complete energy restriction, but the effects of IER are not well known. In randomised order, fourteen lean men (age: 25 (sd 4) years; BMI: 24 (sd 2) kg/m2; body fat: 17 (4) %) consumed 24-h diets providing 100 % (10 441 (sd 812) kJ; energy balance (EB)) or 25 % (2622 (sd 204) kJ; energy restriction (ER)) of estimated energy requirements, followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 75 g of glucose drink) after fasting overnight. Plasma/serum glucose, insulin, NEFA, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were assessed before and after (0 h) each 24-h dietary intervention, and throughout the 2-h OGTT. Homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) assessed the fasted response and incremental AUC (iAUC) or total AUC (tAUC) were calculated during the OGTT. At 0 h, HOMA2-IR was 23 % lower after ER compared with EB (P<0·05). During the OGTT, serum glucose iAUC (P<0·001), serum insulin iAUC (P<0·05) and plasma NEFA tAUC (P<0·01) were greater during ER, but GLP-1 (P=0·161), GIP (P=0·473) and FGF21 (P=0·497) tAUC were similar between trials. These results demonstrate that severe energy restriction acutely impairs postprandial glycaemic control in lean men, despite reducing HOMA2-IR. Chronic intervention studies are required to elucidate the long-term effects of IER on indices of insulin sensitivity, particularly in the absence of weight loss.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	British Journal of Nutrition
Creators:	Clayton, D.J., Biddle, J., Maher, T., Funnell, M.P., Sargeant, J.A., King, J.A., Hulston, C.J., Stensel, D.J. and James, L.J.
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
Date:	28 November 2018
Volume:	120
Number:	10
ISSN:	0007-1145
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1017/s0007114518002568 DOI S0007114518002568 Publisher Item Identifier
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Jonathan Gallacher
Date Added:	23 Nov 2018 13:23
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2019 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35118

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