HDAC2 depletion promotes osteosarcoma's stemness both in vitro and in vivo: a study on a putative new target for CSCs directed therapy

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La Noce, M, Paino, F, Mele, L, Papaccio, G, Regad, T ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-6368, Lombardi, A, Papaccio, F, Desiderio, V and Tirino, V, 2018. HDAC2 depletion promotes osteosarcoma's stemness both in vitro and in vivo: a study on a putative new target for CSCs directed therapy. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 37 (1): 296. ISSN 1756-9966

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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-018-0978-x

Abstract

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in cancer initiation, progression and chemoresistance. Epigenetic alterations have been identified as prominent factors that contribute to the CSCs phenotype. Here, we investigated the effects of the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) and the demethylating agent, 5’azacytidine (DAC) on the stem phenotype of MG63 and Saos2 osteosarcoma cell lines.

Methods: Saos2 and MG63 cells were treated with DAC and VPA, alone and in combination. Untreated and treated cells were examined for stemness phenotype by cytometry and real-time PCR. Sarcospheres and colonies formation were also evaluated. Moreover, histone modification and methylation were tested by flow cytomery and western blotting. HDAC2 depleted cells were examined for stemness phenotype and their ability to generate tumors in NOD/SCID IL2R-gamma-0 (NSG) mice. HDAC2 expression on human osteosarcoma tissues was evaluated.

Results: We found that DAC and VPA induce an increased expression of stem markers including CD133, OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, and an increased ability in sarcospheres and colonies formation efficiency. Interestingly, we showed that DAC and VPA treatment decreased repressive histone markers, while increased the active ones. These histone modifications were also associated with an increase of acetylation of histones H3, a decrease of DNA global methylation, HDAC2 and DNMT3a. Furthermore, HDAC2 silenced-MG63 and Saos2 cells acquired a stem phenotype, and promoted in vivo tumorigenesis. In human osteosarcoma tissues, HDAC2 was strongly expressed in nucleus.

Conclusions: Collectively, our results suggest that VPA and DAC induce an expansion of osteosarcoma CSCs, and we report for the first time that HDAC2 is a key factor regulating both CSCs phenotype and in vivo cancer growth. In conclusion, we have identified HDAC2 as a potential therapeutic target in human osteosarcoma treatment.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research
Creators:	La Noce, M., Paino, F., Mele, L., Papaccio, G., Regad, T., Lombardi, A., Papaccio, F., Desiderio, V. and Tirino, V.
Publisher:	BioMed Central
Date:	2018
Volume:	37
Number:	1
ISSN:	1756-9966
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1186/s13046-018-0978-x DOI 978 Publisher Item Identifier
Rights:	This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	07 Dec 2018 14:36
Last Modified:	07 Dec 2018 14:36
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35273