Multi-stage fitness test performance, V˙O2 peak and adiposity: effect on risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease in adolescents

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Dring, KJ ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-3579, Cooper, SB ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5219-5020, Morris, JG ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-7897, Sunderland, C ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-1345, Foulds, GA ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2053-7580, Pockley, AG ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9593-6431 and Nevill, ME ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-9493, 2019. Multi-stage fitness test performance, V˙O2 peak and adiposity: effect on risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease in adolescents. Frontiers in Physiology, 10: 629. ISSN 1664-042X

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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00629

Abstract

The role of physical activity in determining the metabolic health of adolescents is poorly understood, particularly concerning the effect on low-grade chronic inflammation (chronic elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and acute phase protein CRP, which is implicated in the etiology of atherosclerosis) and anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10. Furthermore, there is limited information on the mediating effects of performance on the multi-stage fitness test (MSFT), V˙O2 peak and adiposity on risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease in adolescents.

Purpose: To examine the effect of performance on the MSFT, V˙O2 peak and adiposity on risk factors for cardio-metabolic diseases in adolescents.

Methods: Following ethical approval, 121 adolescents (11.3 ± 0.8 year) completed the study. Risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease (circulating inflammatory cytokines, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations) was assessed using a fasted capillary blood sample. Participants were separated into quartiles based upon distance ran during the MSFT, the blood lactate response to submaximal exercise, V˙O2 peak (determined during an uphill graded treadmill test), and adiposity (determined as the sum of four skinfolds). The blood lactate response to submaximal exercise and V02 peak were measured in a sub-group of participants. Data were analyzed using two-way between-subjects ANCOVA and multiple linear regression.

Results: Participants with the lowest performance on the MSFT had higher blood concentrations of IL-6 (3.25 ± 0.25 pg mL-1) and IL-1β (4.78 ± 0.54 pg mL-1) and lower concentrations of IL-10 (1.80 ± 0.27 pg mL-1) when compared with all other quartiles (all p < 0.05). Yet, when categorized into V˙O2 peak quartiles, no differences existed in any of the inflammatory mediators (all p > 0.05). Performance on the MSFT was the only predictor of IL-6 (β = -0.291, p = 0.031), IL-1β (β = -0.405, p = 0.005), IL-10 (β = 0.325, p = 0.021) and fasted blood glucose (β = -0.545, p < 0.001) concentrations. Adiposity was the only predictor of plasma insulin concentration (β = 0.515, p < 0.001) and blood pressure (diastolic: β = 0.259, p = 0.042; mean arterial pressure: β = 0.322, p = 0.011).

Conclusion: Enhanced performance on the MSFT, but not V˙O2 peak, was associated with a favorable inflammatory profile in adolescents; whilst adiposity adversely affected plasma insulin, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure. These findings demonstrate that enhancing performance on the MSFT and maintaining a healthy body composition are a potential therapeutic intervention for the attenuation of risk factors for cardio-metabolic diseases in adolescents.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Frontiers in Physiology
Creators:	Dring, K.J., Cooper, S.B., Morris, J.G., Sunderland, C., Foulds, G.A., Pockley, A.G. and Nevill, M.E.
Publisher:	Frontiers Research Foundation
Date:	2019
Volume:	10
ISSN:	1664-042X
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.3389/fphys.2019.00629 DOI
Rights:	Copyright © 2019 Dring, Cooper, Morris, Sunderland, Foulds, Pockley and Nevill. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	12 Jun 2019 15:16
Last Modified:	17 Jun 2019 07:56
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/36742