The effect of surgical alignment and soft tissue conditions on the kinematics and wear of a fixed bearing total knee replacement

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Johnston, H, Abdelgaied, A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-1688, Pandit, H, Fisher, J and Jennings, LM, 2019. The effect of surgical alignment and soft tissue conditions on the kinematics and wear of a fixed bearing total knee replacement. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 100: 103386. ISSN 1751-6161

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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103386

Abstract

As life expectancy and activity levels of patients increase so does the demand on total knee replacements (TKRs). Abnormal mechanics and wear of TKRs can lead to implant loosening and revision. Component alignment after surgery varies due to the presurgical alignment, the accuracy of the surgical instrumentation and due to patient factors, such as the soft tissue balance.

This study experimentally investigated the effect of variation in component alignment and the soft tissue conditions on the kinematics and wear of a fixed bearing TKR. DePuy Sigma fixed bearing TKRs with moderately cross-linked UHMWPE were used. Different alignment conditions were simulated in the coronal, sagittal and transverse planes in an ISO force-controlled simulation system. Three different soft tissue conditions were simulated using virtual springs to represent a stiff knee, a preserved PCL and a resected PCL.

Four different alignment conditions were studied; ideal alignment, 4° tibial and femoral varus joint line, 14° rotational mismatch and 10° posterior tibial slope. The varus joint line alignment resulted in similar kinematics and lower wear rate compared to ideal alignment. The rotational mismatch alignment resulted in significantly higher tibial rotation and abduction-adduction as well as a significantly higher wear rate than ideal alignment. The posterior tibial slope alignment resulted in significantly higher wear than the ideal alignment and dislocated under the lower tension soft tissue conditions.

Component alignment and the soft tissue conditions had a significant effect on the kinematics and wear of the TKR investigated in this study. The surgical alignment of the TKR is an important factor in the clinical outcome of the joint as factors such as increased tibial rotation can lead to anterior knee pain and instability and increased wear can lead to aseptic loosening and early failure resulting in revision.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
Creators:	Johnston, H., Abdelgaied, A., Pandit, H., Fisher, J. and Jennings, L.M.
Publisher:	Elsevier
Date:	December 2019
Volume:	100
ISSN:	1751-6161
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103386 DOI S1751616119303388 Publisher Item Identifier
Rights:	© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	14 Aug 2019 13:56
Last Modified:	14 Aug 2019 13:56
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/37315