A comparison between electromechanical and pneumatic-controlled knee simulators for the investigation of wear of total knee replacements

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Abdelgaied, A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-1688, Fisher, J and Jennings, LM, 2017. A comparison between electromechanical and pneumatic-controlled knee simulators for the investigation of wear of total knee replacements. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 231 (7), pp. 643-651. ISSN 0954-4119

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Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1177/0954411917696519

Abstract

More robust preclinical experimental wear simulation methods are required in order to simulate a wider range of activities, observed in different patient populations such as younger more active patients, as well as to fully meet and be capable of going well beyond the existing requirements of the relevant international standards. A new six-station electromechanically driven simulator (Simulation Solutions, UK) with five fully independently controlled axes of articulation for each station, capable of replicating deep knee bending as well as other adverse conditions, which can be operated in either force or displacement control with improved input kinematic following, has been developed to meet these requirements. This study investigated the wear of a fixed-bearing total knee replacement using this electromechanically driven fully independent knee simulator and compared it to previous data from a predominantly pneumatically controlled simulator in which each station was not fully independently controlled. In addition, the kinematic performance and the repeatability of the simulators have been investigated and compared to the international standard requirements. The wear rates from the electromechanical and pneumatic knee simulators were not significantly different, with wear rates of 2.6 ± 0.9 and 2.7 ± 0.9 mm3/million cycles (MC; mean ± 95% confidence interval, p = 0.99) and 5.4 ± 1.4 and 6.7 ± 1.5 mm3/MC (mean ± 95 confidence interval, p = 0.54) from the electromechanical and pneumatic simulators under intermediate levels (maximum 5 mm) and high levels (maximum 10 mm) of anterior–posterior displacements, respectively. However, the output kinematic profiles of the control system, which drive the motion of the simulator, followed the input kinematic profiles more closely on the electromechanical simulator than the pneumatic simulator. In addition, the electromechanical simulator was capable of following kinematic and loading input cycles within the tolerances of the international standard requirements (ISO 14243-3). The new-generation electromechanical knee simulator with fully independent control has the potential to be used for a much wider range of kinematic conditions, including high-flexion and other severe conditions, due to its improved capability and performance in comparison to the previously used pneumatic-controlled simulators.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine
Creators:	Abdelgaied, A., Fisher, J. and Jennings, L.M.
Publisher:	Sage
Date:	2017
Volume:	231
Number:	7
ISSN:	0954-4119
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1177/0954411917696519 DOI
Rights:	This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	15 Aug 2019 10:01
Last Modified:	15 Aug 2019 15:02
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/37330