Highly efficient and irreversible removal of cadmium through the formation of a solid solution

Pan, G ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-3018, Wang, C, Cooper, M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-1434, Yin, H, Lyu, T ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-8103, Bi, L, Zhang, M and Su, J, 2020. Highly efficient and irreversible removal of cadmium through the formation of a solid solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 384: 121461. ISSN 0304-3894

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Abstract

Sulfur-containing materials are very attractive for the efficient decontamination of some heavy metals. However, the effective and irreversible removal of Cd2+, coupled with a high uptake efficiency, remains a great challenge due to the relatively low bond dissociation energy of CdS. Herein, we propose a new strategy to overcome this challenge, by the incorporation of Cd2+ into a stable ZnxCd1-xS solid solution, rather than into CdS. This can be realised through the adsorption of Cd2+ by ZnS nanoparticles, which have exhibited a Cd2+ uptake capacity of approximate 400 mg g−1. Through this adsorption mechanism, the Cd2+ concentration in a contaminated solution could effectively be reduced from 50 ppb to <3 ppb, a WHO limit acceptable for drinking water. In addition, ZnS continued to exhibit this noteworthy uptake capacity even in the presence of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+. ZnS displayed high chemical stability. Particles aged in air for 3 months still retained a> 80% uptake capacity for Cd2+, compared with only 9% uptake capacity for similarly-aged FeS particles. This work reveals a new mechanism for Cd2+ removal with ZnS and establishes a valuable starting point for further studies into the formation of solid solutions for hazardous heavy metal removal applications.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Hazardous Materials
Creators:	Pan, G., Wang, C., Cooper, M., Yin, H., Lyu, T., Bi, L., Zhang, M. and Su, J.
Publisher:	Elsevier
Date:	15 February 2020
Volume:	384
ISSN:	0304-3894
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121461 DOI 1204946 Other
Divisions:	Schools > School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	21 Oct 2019 09:54
Last Modified:	22 Jan 2021 14:38
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/38004

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