Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modelling of the factor structure of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21

Gomez, R, Stavropoulos, V and Griffiths, MD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524, 2020. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modelling of the factor structure of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21. PLOS ONE, 15 (6): e0233998. ISSN 1932-6203

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Abstract

The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) involves a simple structure first-order three-factor oblique model, with factors for depression, anxiety, and stress. Recently, concerns have been raised over the value of using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for studying the factor structure of scales in general. However, such concerns can be circumvented using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Consequently, the present study used CFA and ESEM with target rotation to examine the factor structure of the DASS21 among an adult community. It compared first-order CFA, ESEM with target rotation, bifactor CFA (BCFA), and bi-factor BESEM with target rotation models with group/specific factors for depression, anxiety, and stress. A total of 738 adults (males = 374, and females = 364; M = 25.29 years; SD = 7.61 years) completed the DASS-21. While all models examined showed good global fit values, one or more of the group/specific factors in the BCFA, ESEM with target rotation and BESEM with target rotation models were poorly defined. As the first-order CFA model was most parsimonious, with well-defined factors that were also supported in terms of their reliabilities and validities, this model was selected as the preferred DASS21 model. The implications of the findings for use and revision of the DASS-21 are discussed.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	PLOS ONE
Creators:	Gomez, R., Stavropoulos, V. and Griffiths, M.D.
Publisher:	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date:	5 June 2020
Volume:	15
Number:	6
ISSN:	1932-6203
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1371/journal.pone.0233998 DOI 1332519 Other
Rights:	© 2020 Gomez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Jill Tomkinson
Date Added:	16 Jun 2020 15:21
Last Modified:	16 Jun 2020 15:21
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/40007

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