Self-reported sleep quality is more closely associated with mental and physical health than chronotype and sleep duration in young adults

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Muzni, K, Groeger, JA ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3582-1058, Dijk, D-J and Lazar, AS, 2020. Self-reported sleep quality is more closely associated with mental and physical health than chronotype and sleep duration in young adults. Journal of Sleep Research: e13152. ISSN 1365-2869

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13152

Abstract

Sleep and circadian rhythms are considered to be important determinants of mental and physical health. Epidemiological studies have established the contribution of self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and chronotype to health outcomes. Mental health and sleep problems are more common in women and men are more likely to be evening types. Few studies have compared the relative strength of these contributions and few studies have assessed these contributions separately in men and women. Furthermore, sleep and circadian characteristics are typically assessed with a limited number of instruments and a narrow range of variables is considered, leaving the understanding of the relative contribution of different individual characteristics somewhat piecemeal, although these might reasonably be supposed to interact. We compared sleep quality, sleep duration and chronotype as predictors for self-reported mental and physical health and psychological characteristics in 443 men and 261 women aged 18 to 30. To ascertain that results were not dependent on the use of specific instruments we used a multitude of validated instruments including the Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire, Munich-ChronoType-Questionnaire, Pittsburgh-Sleep-Quality-Index, British-Sleep-Survey, Karolinska-Sleep-Diary, Insomnia-Severity-Index, SF-36-Health Survey, General-Health-Questionnaire, Dutch-Eating-Behaviour-Questionnaire, Big-Five-Inventory, Behaviour-Inhibition-System-Behaviour-Activation-System, and the Positive-Affect-Negative-Affect-Schedule. Relative contributions of predictors were quantified as local effect sizes derived from multiple regression models. Across all questionnaires, sleep quality was the strongest independent predictor of health and in particular mental health and more so in women than in men. The effect of sleep duration and social jetlag was inconspicuous. A greater insight into the independent contributions of sleep quality and chronotype may aid the understanding of sleep-health interactions in women and men.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Sleep Research
Creators:	Muzni, K., Groeger, J.A., Dijk, D.-J. and Lazar, A.S.
Publisher:	Wiley
Date:	11 August 2020
ISSN:	1365-2869
Identifiers:	Number Type 1343418 Other 10.1111/jsr.13152 DOI
Rights:	© 2020 the authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	13 Jul 2020 12:17
Last Modified:	31 May 2021 15:17
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/40215