Anti-cancer actions of carnosine and the restoration of normal cellular homeostasis

Turner, MD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-1053, Sale, C ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-4169, Garner, AC ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2488-0623 and Hipkiss, AR, 2021. Anti-cancer actions of carnosine and the restoration of normal cellular homeostasis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, 1868 (11): 119117. ISSN 0167-4889

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Abstract

Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide found in meat. Alternatively it can be formed through synthesis from the amino acids, β-alanine and L-histidine. Carnosine has long been advocated for use as an anti-oxidant and anti-glycating agent to facilitate healthy ageing, and there have also been reports of it having anti-proliferative effects that have beneficial actions against the development of a number of different cancers. Carnosine is able to undertake multiple molecular processes, and it's mechanism of action therefore remains controversial - both in healthy tissues and those associated with cancer or metabolic diseases. Here we review current understanding of its mechanistic role in different physiological contexts, and how this relates to cancer. Carnosine turns over rapidly in the body due to the presence of both serum and tissue carnosinase enzymes however, so its use as a dietary supplement would require ingestion of multiple daily doses. Strategies are therefore being developed that are based upon either resistance of carnosine analogs to enzymatic turnover, or else β-alanine supplementation, and the development of these potential therapeutic agents is discussed.

Item Type:	Review
Publication Title:	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
Creators:	Turner, M.D., Sale, C., Garner, A.C. and Hipkiss, A.R.
Publisher:	Elsevier BV
Date:	October 2021
Volume:	1868
Number:	11
ISSN:	0167-4889
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119117 DOI 1465504 Other
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	02 Sep 2021 12:45
Last Modified:	10 Aug 2022 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/44102

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