Lumbar bone mineral adaptation: the effect of fast bowling technique in adolescent cricketers

Keylock, L, Felton, P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-0319, Alway, P, Brooke-Wavell, K, Peirce, N and King, M, 2022. Lumbar bone mineral adaptation: the effect of fast bowling technique in adolescent cricketers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 54 (3), pp. 438-446. ISSN 0195-9131

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Abstract

Introduction: Localised bone mineral density (BMD) adaptation of the lumbar spine, particularly on the contralateral side to the bowling arm, has been observed in elite male cricket fast bowlers. No study has investigated this in adolescents, or the role of fast bowling technique on lumbar BMD adaptation. This study aims to investigate lumbar BMD adaptation in adolescent cricket fast bowlers, and its relationship with fast bowling technique.

Methods: 39 adolescent fast bowlers underwent antero-posterior DXA scan of their lumbar spine. Hip, lumbopelvic and thoracolumbar joint kinematics, and vertical ground reaction kinetics were determined using 3D motion capture and force plates. Significant partial (covariate: fat free mass) and bivariate correlations of the technique parameters with whole lumbar (L1-L4) BMD and BMD asymmetry (L3 and L4) were advanced as candidate variables for multiple stepwise linear regression.

Results: Adolescent fast bowlers demonstrated high lumbar Z-Scores (+1.0; 95%CI: 0.7 – 1.4) and significantly greater BMD on the contralateral side of L3 (9.0%; 95%CI: 5.8 – 12.1%) and L4 (8.2%; 95%CI: 4.9 – 11.5%). Maximum contralateral thoracolumbar rotation and maximum ipsilateral lumbopelvic rotation in the period between back foot contact (BFC) and ball release (BR), as well as contralateral pelvic drop at front foot contact (FFC), were identified as predictors of L1-L4 BMD, explaining 65% of the variation. Maximum ipsilateral lumbopelvic rotation between BFC and BR, as well as ipsilateral lumbopelvic rotation and contralateral thoracolumbar side flexion at BR, were predictors of lumbar asymmetry within L3 and L4.

Conclusion: Thoracolumbar and lumbopelvic motion are implicated in the aetiology of the unique lumbar bone adaptation observed in fast bowlers whereas vertical ground reaction force, independent of body mass, was not. This may further implicate the osteogenic potential of torsional rather than impact loading in exercise-induced adaptation.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Creators:	Keylock, L., Felton, P., Alway, P., Brooke-Wavell, K., Peirce, N. and King, M.
Publisher:	Ovid
Date:	March 2022
Volume:	54
Number:	3
ISSN:	0195-9131
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1249/mss.0000000000002820 DOI 1485355 Other
Rights:	This is the accepted manuscript of the article, not the final published version.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	03 Nov 2021 13:53
Last Modified:	28 Oct 2022 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/44599

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