4D printing: a cutting-edge platform for biomedical applications

Afzali Naniz, M, Askari, M, Zolfagharian, A, Afzali Naniz, M and Bodaghi, M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-944X, 2022. 4D printing: a cutting-edge platform for biomedical applications. Biomedical Materials. ISSN 1748-6041

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Abstract

Nature's materials have evolved over time to be able to respond to environmental stimuli by generating complex structures that can change their functions in response to distance, time, and direction of stimuli. A number of technical efforts are currently being made to improve printing resolution, shape fidelity, and printing speed to mimic the structural design of natural materials with three-dimensional (3D) printing. Unfortunately, this technology is limited by the fact that printed objects are static and cannot be reshaped dynamically in response to stimuli. In recent years, several smart materials have been developed that can undergo dynamic morphing in response to a stimulus, thus resolving this issue. Four-dimensional (4D) printing refers to a manufacturing process involving additive manufacturing, smart materials, and specific geometries. It has become an essential technology for biomedical engineering and has the potential to create a wide range of useful biomedical products. This paper will discuss the concept of 4D bioprinting and the recent developments in smart matrials, which can be actuated by different stimuli and be exploited to develop biomimetic materials and structures, with significant implications for pharmaceutics and biomedical research, as well as prospects for the future.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Biomedical Materials
Creators:	Afzali Naniz, M., Askari, M., Zolfagharian, A., Afzali Naniz, M. and Bodaghi, M.
Publisher:	IOP Publishing
Date:	31 August 2022
ISSN:	1748-6041
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1088/1748-605x/ac8e42 DOI 1599226 Other
Rights:	© 2022 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. As the Version of Record of this article is going to be/has been published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY 3.0 licence, this Accepted Manuscript is available for reuse under a CC BY 3.0 licence immediately. Although reasonable endeavours have been taken to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record on IOPscience once published for full citation and copyright details, as permission may be required. All third party content is fully copyright protected, and is not published on a gold open access basis under a CC BY licence, unless that is specifically stated in the figure caption in the Version of Record.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	15 Sep 2022 09:55
Last Modified:	15 Sep 2022 09:55
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/47035

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