Assessing lifetime stressor exposure in sport performers: associations with trait stress appraisals, health, well-being, and performance

McLoughlin, E ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-6055, Arnold, R, Fletcher, D, Spahr, CM, Slavich, GM and Moore, LJ, 2022. Assessing lifetime stressor exposure in sport performers: associations with trait stress appraisals, health, well-being, and performance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 58: 102078. ISSN 1469-0292

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Abstract

Research has found that greater lifetime stressor exposure increases the risk for mental and physical health problems. Despite this, few studies have examined how stressors occurring over the entire lifespan affect sport performers’ health, well-being, and performance, partly due to the difficulty of assessing lifetime stressor exposure. To address this issue, we developed a sport-specific stress assessment module (Sport SAM) for the Stress and Adversity Inventory (STRAIN) and then analyzed the instrument’s usability, acceptability, validity, and test-retest reliability. Furthermore, we examined whether trait-like tendencies to appraise stressful situations as a challenge or threat mediated the relationship between lifetime stressor exposure and health, well-being, and performance. Participants were 395 sport performers (Mage = 22.50 years, SD = 5.33) who completed an online survey. Results revealed that the Sport SAM demonstrated good usability and acceptability, good concurrent validity in relation to the Adult STRAIN (rs = .23 to .29), and very good test-retest reliability (ricc = .87 to .89). Furthermore, the Sport SAM was significantly associated with symptoms of depression (β = .21 to .24, ps ≤ .001) and anxiety (β = .13 to .19, ps ≤ .012), and general physical (β = .24 to .27, ps = ≤ .001) and mental (β = .23 to .32, p ≤ .001) health complaints. Finally, we found that associations between total lifetime non-sport and sport-specific stressor severity and health were mediated by trait stress appraisals. Consequently, these findings may help practitioners better identify sport performers who are at risk of developing stress-related health problems.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Psychology of Sport and Exercise
Creators:	McLoughlin, E., Arnold, R., Fletcher, D., Spahr, C.M., Slavich, G.M. and Moore, L.J.
Publisher:	Elsevier BV
Date:	January 2022
Volume:	58
ISSN:	1469-0292
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102078 DOI 1616701 Other
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	08 Nov 2022 14:22
Last Modified:	06 Apr 2023 03:00
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/47349

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