Male and LGBT survivors of sexual violence in conflict situations: a realist review of health interventions in low-and middle-income countries

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Kiss, L, Quinlan-Davidson, M, Pasquero, L, Tejero, PO, Hogg, C, Theis, J, Park, A, Zimmerman, C and Hossain, M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-8145, 2020. Male and LGBT survivors of sexual violence in conflict situations: a realist review of health interventions in low-and middle-income countries. Conflict and Health, 14: 11. ISSN 1752-1505

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-0254-5

Abstract

Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) against women and girls has been the subject of increasing research and scholarship. Less is known about the health of men, boys and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) and other gender non-binary persons who survive CRSV. This paper is the first systematic realist review on medical, mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions that focusses on male and LGBT survivors of CRSV. The review explores the gender differences in context, mechanisms and outcomes that underpin interventions addressing the health and psychosocial wellbeing of male and LGBT survivors. The aim is to contribute to the design and delivery of gender-sensitive and, when needed, gender-specific approaches for interventions that respond to specific needs of different groups of all survivors. We conducted a systematic search of academic and grey literature to identify medical and MHPSS interventions that included men, boys and LGBT survivors. We identified interventions specifically targeting women and girls that we used as comparators. We then purposively sampled studies from the fields of gender and health, and sexual abuse against men and LGBT people for theory building and testing. We identified 26 evaluations of interventions for survivors of CRSV. Nine studies included male survivors, twelve studies focussed exclusively on female survivors and one study targeted children and adolescents. No intervention evaluation focussed on LGBT survivors of CRSV. The interventions that included male survivors did not describe specific components for this population. Results of intervention evaluations that included male survivors were not disaggregated by gender, and some studies did not report the gender composition. Although some mental health and psychosocial consequences of sexual violence against men and boys may be similar among male and female survivors, the way each process trauma, display symptoms, seek help, adhere to treatment and improve their mental health differ by gender. Initiatives targeting male and LGBT survivors of CRSV need to be designed to actively address specific gender differences in access, adherence and response to MHPSS interventions. Models of care that are gender-sensitive and integrated to local resources are promising avenues to promote the health of male and LGBT survivors of CRSV.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Conflict and Health
Creators:	Kiss, L., Quinlan-Davidson, M., Pasquero, L., Tejero, P.O., Hogg, C., Theis, J., Park, A., Zimmerman, C. and Hossain, M.
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date:	2020
Volume:	14
ISSN:	1752-1505
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1186/s13031-020-0254-5 DOI 1622494 Other
Rights:	© The Author(s) 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	28 Nov 2022 11:06
Last Modified:	28 Nov 2022 11:06
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/47521