Time effect and shifted motivations in deprived areas: an overall perspective of entrepreneurial process

Zhao, Y ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-9847 and Thompson, P ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-7441, 2023. Time effect and shifted motivations in deprived areas: an overall perspective of entrepreneurial process. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research. ISSN 1355-2554

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Abstract

Purpose: Williams and Williams (2012, 2017) find multiple entrepreneurial motivations are experienced by entrepreneurs in deprived areas at different points in time. Drawing on this prior work this study aims to explore how and why the shifted motivations evolve, as well as, what factors cause this change in deprived areas. The work draws upon temporal motivational theory (TMT) that considers the influence of individuals' needs in determining their time-sensitive motivation.

Design/methodology/approach: Six semi-structured interviews with actual entrepreneurs are used to collect qualitative data from deprived areas of Nottingham, which is one of the most deprived cities in the UK. The study employs Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to consider each entrepreneurial endeavour as a unique journey to investigate the shifting of motivations.

Findings: A polarization is found in terms of how entrepreneurial motivations evolve in deprived areas. In considering the first task-specific entrepreneurial motivation, time plays a role either in accumulating job dissatisfaction and increasing confidence led by accumulated experience, or in creating random chances that enable individuals to realize that they are able to use existing skills and experiences to start a business. Regarding the second task-specific entrepreneurial motivation when the business becomes more established, it is usually stimulated by increased confidence based on perceived progress. The use of self-help methods and downward comparison found in this study should be noted as they help to re-consider individuals' needs in deprived areas.

Originality/value: This study produces a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of the time effect on shifted motivation at different entrepreneurial phases in a deprived context, which contributes to enrich theoretical knowledge and raise policymakers' awareness of entrepreneurial motivations from these marginalized groups.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research
Creators:	Zhao, Y. and Thompson, P.
Publisher:	Emerald
Date:	15 June 2023
ISSN:	1355-2554
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1108/ijebr-04-2022-0381 DOI 1785401 Other
Divisions:	Schools > Nottingham Business School
Record created by:	Linda Sullivan
Date Added:	26 Jul 2023 08:48
Last Modified:	26 Jul 2023 08:48
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/49443

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