Problematic use of internet among Indonesia university students: psychometric evaluation of Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale and internet gaming disorder scale-short form

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Pramukti, I, Nurmala, I, Nadhiroh, SR, Tung, SEH, Gan, WY, Siaw, Y-L, Yang, Y-N, Griffiths, MD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524, Lin, C-Y and Pakpour, AH, 2023. Problematic use of internet among Indonesia university students: psychometric evaluation of Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale and internet gaming disorder scale-short form. Psychiatry Investigation, 20 (12), pp. 1103-1111. ISSN 1738-3684

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0304

Abstract

Objective: Social media addiction and internet gaming disorder may cause mental health problems among a minority of university students. The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the 9-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF) are commonly used worldwide. However, they have not been translated or validated into Indonesian. The present study aimed to translate and validate the BSMAS and IGDS9-SF in an Indonesian context among young adults.

Methods: A multi-center, web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 458 university students (74% female; mean age 22.5 years) in Indonesia from June to December 2021. The BSMAS and IGDS9-SF were translated into Indonesian. Internal consistency (using Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω) and factor structure (using confirmatory factor analysis) of the two instruments were examined. Concurrent validity of BSMAS and IGDS9-SF was examined using their correlations with two external concepts: nomophobia and psychological distress.

Results: Internal consistency of the Indonesian BSMAS and IGDS9-SF were both acceptable (Cronbach’s α=0.80 and 0.90; McDonald’s ω=0.86 and 0.92). Both instruments were unidimensional with good factor loadings (0.54–0.78 for BSMAS; 0.63–0.79 for IGDS9-SF). Moreover, BSMAS and IGDS9-SF had stronger associations with nomophobia (r=0.58 and 0.12; p<0.001) than with psychological distress (r=0.43 and 0.15; p<0.001).

Conclusion: The Indonesian versions of the BSMAS and IGDS9-SF had good psychometric properties in terms of linguistic validity, unidimensionality, and reliability. The findings indicate the tools are appropriate for assessing the risk of social media addiction and internet gaming disorder among university students in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Psychiatry Investigation
Creators:	Pramukti, I., Nurmala, I., Nadhiroh, S.R., Tung, S.E.H., Gan, W.Y., Siaw, Y.-L., Yang, Y.-N., Griffiths, M.D., Lin, C.-Y. and Pakpour, A.H.
Date:	18 December 2023
Volume:	20
Number:	12
ISSN:	1738-3684
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.30773/pi.2022.0304 DOI 1847135 Other
Rights:	© 2023 Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	19 Dec 2023 10:48
Last Modified:	19 Dec 2023 10:48
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/50565