Modelling the neuroimmune system in Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s diseases

Balestri, W ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-8116, Sharma, R, da Silva, VA, Bobotis, BC, Curle, AJ, Kothakota, V, Kalantarnia, F, Hangad, MV, Hoorfar, M, Jones, JL, Tremblay, M-È, El-Jawhari, JJ ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0580-4492, Willerth, SM and Reinwald, Y ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6733-605X, 2024. Modelling the neuroimmune system in Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s diseases. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 21: 32. ISSN 1742-2094

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Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are neurodegenerative disorders caused by the interaction of genetic, environmental, and familial factors. These diseases have distinct pathologies and symptoms that are linked to specific cell populations in the brain. Notably, the immune system has been implicated in both diseases, with a particular focus on the dysfunction of microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, contributing to neuronal loss and exacerbating symptoms. Researchers use models of the neuroimmune system to gain a deeper understanding of the physiological and biological aspects of these neurodegenerative diseases and how they progress. Several in vitro and in vivo models, including 2D cultures and animal models, have been utilized. Recently, advancements have been made in optimizing these existing models and developing 3D models and organ-on-a-chip systems, holding tremendous promise in accurately mimicking the intricate intracellular environment. As a result, these models represent a crucial breakthrough in the transformation of current treatments for PD and AD by offering potential for conducting long-term disease-based modelling for therapeutic testing, reducing reliance on animal models, and significantly improving cell viability compared to conventional 2D models. The application of 3D and organ-on-a-chip models in neurodegenerative disease research marks a prosperous step forward, providing a more realistic representation of the complex interactions within the neuro-immune system. Ultimately, these refined models of the neuro-immune system aim to aid in the quest to combat and mitigate the impact of debilitating neuro-immune diseases on patients and their families.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Neuroinflammation
Creators:	Balestri, W., Sharma, R., da Silva, V.A., Bobotis, B.C., Curle, A.J., Kothakota, V., Kalantarnia, F., Hangad, M.V., Hoorfar, M., Jones, J.L., Tremblay, M.-È., El-Jawhari, J.J., Willerth, S.M. and Reinwald, Y.
Publisher:	BioMed Central
Date:	23 January 2024
Volume:	21
ISSN:	1742-2094
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1186/s12974-024-03024-8 DOI 1852697 Other
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Jeremy Silvester
Date Added:	24 Jan 2024 10:10
Last Modified:	24 Jan 2024 10:10
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/50724

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