Investigating mental defeat in individuals with chronic pain: protocol for a longitudinal experience sampling study

Gillett, JL, Karadag, P, Themelis, K ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0022-5272, Li, Y-M, Lemola, S, Balasubramanian, S, Singh, SP and Tang, NKY, 2023. Investigating mental defeat in individuals with chronic pain: protocol for a longitudinal experience sampling study. BMJ Open, 13 (2): e066577. ISSN 2044-6055

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Abstract

Introduction: Previous qualitative and cross-sectional research has identified a strong sense of mental defeat in people with chronic pain who also experience the greatest levels of distress and disability. This study will adopt a longitudinal experience sampling design to examine the within-person link between the sense of mental defeat and distress and disability associated with chronic pain.

Methods and analysis: We aim to recruit 198 participants (aged 18–65 years) with chronic pain, to complete two waves of experience sampling over 1 week, 6 months apart (time 1 and time 2). During each wave of experience sampling, the participants are asked to complete three short online surveys per day, to provide in-the-moment ratings of mental defeat, pain, medication usage, physical and social activity, stress, mood, self-compassion, and attention using visual analogue scales. Sleep and physical activity will be measured using a daily diary as well as with wrist actigraphy worn continuously by participants throughout each wave. Linear mixed models and Gaussian graphical models will be fit to the data to: (1) examine the within-person, day-to-day association of mental defeat with outcomes (ie, pain, physical/social activity, medication use and sleep), (2) examine the dynamic temporal and contemporaneous networks of mental defeat with all outcomes and the hypothesised mechanisms of outcomes (ie, perceived stress, mood, attention and self-compassion).

Ethics and dissemination: The current protocol has been approved by the Health Research Authority and West Midlands—Solihull Research Ethics Committee (Reference Number: 17/WM0053). The study is being conducted in adherence with the Declaration of Helsinki, Warwick Standard Operating Procedures and applicable UK legislation.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	BMJ Open
Creators:	Gillett, J.L., Karadag, P., Themelis, K., Li, Y.-M., Lemola, S., Balasubramanian, S., Singh, S.P. and Tang, N.K.Y.
Publisher:	BMJ
Date:	February 2023
Volume:	13
Number:	2
ISSN:	2044-6055
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066577 DOI 1879125 Other
Rights:	This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Jonathan Gallacher
Date Added:	27 Mar 2024 09:59
Last Modified:	27 Mar 2024 09:59
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/51170

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