A case-control study for psychiatric comorbidity and associative factors of gaming disorder and hazardous gaming based on ICD-11 criteria: cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reinforcement sensitivity

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Yen, J-Y, Király, O, Griffiths, MD ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524, Demetrovics, Z and Ko, C-H, 2024. A case-control study for psychiatric comorbidity and associative factors of gaming disorder and hazardous gaming based on ICD-11 criteria: cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reinforcement sensitivity. Journal of Behavioral Addictions. ISSN 2062-5871

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00066

Abstract

Background and aims: The authors of the present study wanted to know whether the previously reported psychiatric comorbidities of internet gaming disorder (IGD) based on DSM-5 criteria were also more prevalent among gaming disorder (GD) or hazardous gaming (HG) based on ICD-11 criteria. Therefore, the present case-control study evaluated the psychiatric comorbidities and associative factors of GD and HG based on ICD-11 criteria.

Methods: A sample of 60 individuals with GD, 45 with HG, and 120 controls were assessed with an ICD-11 criteria-based diagnostic interview along with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive disorder, and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants also completed Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CCPT), Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Behavior Inhibition System and Behavior Approach System Scales.

Results: GD was associated with ADHD, depressive disorder, and GAD. ADHD was the most associative comorbidity of HG. Depressive disorder was associated with GD relative to HG. Moreover, individuals with lower reappraisal, higher aversion sensitivity, and impulsivity were more likely to be diagnosed with GD. Those with higher fun-seeking were more likely to be diagnosed with HG.

Conclusion: In the present study, ADHD was the psychiatric comorbidity most significantly associated with GD, followed by depressive disorder and GAD, as previously reported for IGD. ADHD was also associated with HG. Depressive disorder was more associated with GD compared to HG. Intervention for HG and GD should be tailored by the consideration of the clients' psychiatric comorbidity as well as their reappraisal skills, impulsivity, aversion sensitivity, and fun-seeking.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Journal of Behavioral Addictions
Creators:	Yen, J.-Y., Király, O., Griffiths, M.D., Demetrovics, Z. and Ko, C.-H.
Publisher:	Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
Date:	5 December 2024
ISSN:	2062-5871
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.1556/2006.2024.00066 DOI 2314667 Other
Rights:	© 2024 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated
Divisions:	Schools > School of Social Sciences
Record created by:	Laura Ward
Date Added:	06 Dec 2024 08:56
Last Modified:	06 Dec 2024 08:56
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/52702