Age-related gait adaptations: analysis of temporal gait parameters and variability, and muscle activation across flat vs. uneven surfaces in young, middle-aged, and older adults

Tools

Inns, TB ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-4468, Pina, I, Macgregor, LJ, Dudchenko, PA, Crockett, RA and Hunter, AM ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-6145, 2025. Age-related gait adaptations: analysis of temporal gait parameters and variability, and muscle activation across flat vs. uneven surfaces in young, middle-aged, and older adults. Frontiers in Aging, 6: 1573778. ISSN 2673-6217

Preview

Text
2486956_Hunter.pdf - Published version
Download (2MB) | Preview

Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2025.1573778

Abstract

Introduction: Walking is a common physical activity among older adults, but it becomes more complex with age due to increased demands on motor control and attention, particularly when walking surface is uneven. Age-related changes in walking gait, especially after 70, can lead to restricted mobility and higher mortality risk. This study investigated age-related differences in gait parameters and muscle activation across young (18–39 years), middle-aged (40–59 years), and older adults (60+ years) on flat and uneven surfaces.

Methods: Eighty-three healthy adults participated in the study. Variability in double support, stance, swing, and stride times; and muscle activity were assessed during walking on both surface types and used as dependent variables.

Results: Analysis showed that older adults adopted a more cautious walking strategy, characterized by longer double support and shorter swing phases, regardless of the surface. Muscle activation patterns indicated increased demands on the plantar flexors and knee extensors in older adults. Walking on uneven surfaces increased gait variability across all age groups.

Conclusion: These findings highlight age-specific walking adaptations related to muscle activation. Understanding these adaptations is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance walking performance and reduce fall risks, especially in older adults. The study underscores the importance of assessing gait under various conditions to comprehensively capture age-related differences.

Item Type:	Journal article
Publication Title:	Frontiers in Aging
Creators:	Inns, T.B., Pina, I., Macgregor, L.J., Dudchenko, P.A., Crockett, R.A. and Hunter, A.M.
Publisher:	Frontiers Media SA
Date:	2025
Volume:	6
ISSN:	2673-6217
Identifiers:	Number Type 10.3389/fragi.2025.1573778 DOI 2486956 Other
Rights:	© 2025 Inns, Pina, Macgregor, Dudchenko, Crockett and Hunter. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Divisions:	Schools > School of Science and Technology
Record created by:	Laura Borcherds
Date Added:	20 Aug 2025 09:35
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2025 09:35
URI:	https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/54234