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Journal article

WILLIAMS, E., CARTER, A., RENDLE, J., FONTANI, S., WALSH, N.D., ARMSTRONG, S., HICKMAN, S., VAGLIO, S. and WARD, S.J., 2022. The impact of COVID-19 zoo closures on behavioural and physiological parameters of welfare in primates. Animals, 12 (13): 1622.

CARTER, A., BOYD, J. and WILLIAMS, E., 2022. Understanding the impact of scale height on the kinetics and kinematics of dogs in working trials. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8: 742068.

WILLIAMS, E., CARTER, A., RENDLE, J. and WARD, S.J., 2021. Understanding impacts of zoo visitors: quantifying behavioural changes of two popular zoo species during COVID-19 closures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science: 105253. ISSN 0168-1591

WILLIAMS, E., CARTER, A., RENDLE, J. and WARD, S.J., 2021. Impacts of COVID-19 on animals in zoos: a longitudinal multi-species analysis. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 2 (2), pp. 130-145. ISSN 2673-5636

WARD, S.J., WILLIAMS, E., GROVES, G., MARSH, S. and MORGAN, D., 2020. Using zoo welfare assessments to identify common issues in developing country zoos. Animals, 10 (11): 2101. ISSN 2076-2615

WILLIAMS, E., BREMNER-HARRISON, S., HALL, C. and CARTER, A., 2020. Understanding temporal social dynamics in zoo animal management: an elephant case study. Animals, 10 (5): 882. ISSN 2076-2615

WILLIAMS, E., CARTER, A., HALL, C. and BREMNER-HARRISON, S., 2019. Social interactions in zoo-housed elephants: factors affecting social relationships. Animals, 9 (10): 747. ISSN 2076-2615

WILLIAMS, E., CARTER, A., HALL, C. and BREMNER-HARRISON, S., 2019. Exploring the relationship between personality and social interactions in zoo-housed elephants: incorporation of keeper expertise. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. ISSN 0168-1591

CAMERON, E.Z., YON, L., WILLIAMS, E., HARVEY, N.D. and ASHER, L., 2019. Development of a behavioural welfare assessment tool for routine use with captive elephants. PLOS ONE, 14 (2): e0210783. ISSN 1932-6203

WILLIAMS, E., CHADWICK, C.L., YON, L. and ASHER, L., 2018. A review of current indicators of welfare in captive elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus). Animal Welfare, 27 (3), pp. 235-249. ISSN 0962-7286

CHADWICK, C.L., WILLIAMS, E., ASHER, L. and YON, L., 2017. Incorporating stakeholder perspectives into the assessment and provision of captive elephant welfare. Animal Welfare, 26 (4), pp. 461-472. ISSN 0962-7286

WILLIAMS, E., BREMNER-HARRISON, S., HARVEY, N., EVISON, E. and YON, L., 2015. An investigation into resting behavior in Asian elephants in UK zoos. Zoo Biology, 34 (5), pp. 406-417. ISSN 0733-3188

Chapter in book

WILLIAMS, E., BREMNER-HARRISON, S. and WARD, S.J., 2018. Can we meet the needs of social species in zoos? An overview of the impact of group housing on welfare in socially housed zoo mammals. In: M. BERGER and S. CORBETT, eds., Zoo animals: husbandry, welfare and public interactions. Animal science, issues and research . Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 9781536135350

Research report for external body

ASHER, L., WILLIAMS, E. and YON, L., 2015. Developing behavioural indicators, as part of a wider set of indicators, to assess the welfare of elephants in UK zoos. Bristol: Defra (Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs).

Thesis

WILLIAMS, E., 2019. An investigation into social relationships and social structure in UK and Irish zoo elephant herds. PhD, Nottingham Trent University.